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more easily. Because these tend to be introductory courses and possibly the first opportunity for students to interact with students from other professions, this learning type benefits from initial ice-breaker activities, such as Extracurricular / Orientation / Social Activities, that help students develop rapport with one another and feel comfortable joining discussions.20
Didactic IPE activities may also include laboratory instruction and / or simulation. Simulation is an activity that involves the imitation of patient care and health care team interactions. It was originally developed in the aviation industry to ensure that all personnel were well acquainted with safety and emergency protocols.23 Simulation involves the use of human participants, manikins, or virtual representation. Human participants may be standardized patients or trained actors who specialize in simulation work, faculty members, clinicians, or students. The use of high-fidelity simulators or manikins, if available, can be advantageous because it elimi- nates the need for volunteer time or paid time from human participants. Your selection of IPE simulation activities will likely depend on the resources available.
Clinical Education: IPE clinical experiences allow students to develop a more comprehen- sive understanding of the impact and management of chronic diseases and other patient conditions. George Thibault, past-president of the Macy Foundation, encourages IPE clinical experiences that are frequent, immersive, and community-based as those experiences lead to the students’ ability to have meaningful experiences, develop relationships with practitioners and patients, and have greater impact on the environment.24 IPE clinical education may include clinical observation in which students observe existing interprofessional team interac- tions in a clinical setting; interdisciplinary communication activities; team provider meetings (actual or simulated); and, case presentations, conferences, and Grand Rounds.
In IPE clinical practice, students actively participate in a team-based clinical practice activity that may occur in various settings. Interdisciplinary health screenings, student-run clinics, and mission trips provide excellent IPE / CP opportunities. The educational benefits of IPE clinical practice are similar to those of clinical observation in terms of the impact of exposure to teams in practice. In addition, IPE clinical practice allows students to experience relation- ship-building with patients and to implement learned IPE behaviors in actual practice. In a 2013 report, the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation recommends forming stronger IPE coalitions between education and clinical practice through new and creative solutions.25
Extracurricular / Orientation / Social Activities: While often more informal and less learning-centered, the implementation of IPE extracurricular, orientation, and / or social activities provides a valuable opportunity to develop mutual understanding, familiarization, and communication. IPE orientation activities can help to set the stage for subsequent IPE didactic and clinical education through mutual awareness of the scope of practice of each participating discipline and the development of student rapport.
 updated August 2022 ASCO IPECP Toolkit
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